响应式常用 API
- ref 相关:toRef、toRefs、unRef
- 只读代理:readonly
- 判断相关:isRef、isReactive、isProxy、isReadonly
- 3.3 新增 API:toValue
ref 相关
toRef:基于响应式对象的某一个属性,将其转换为 ref 值
import { reactive, toRef } from "vue";
const state = reactive({
count: 0,
});
const countRef = toRef(state, "count");
// 这里其实就等价于 ref(state.count)
console.log(countRef);
console.log(countRef.value);
import { reactive, isReactive, toRef } from "vue";
const state = reactive({
count: {
value: 0,
},
});
console.log(isReactive(state)); // true
console.log(isReactive(state.count)); // true
const countRef = toRef(state, "count");
// 相当于 ref(state.count)
console.log(countRef);
console.log(countRef.value);
console.log(countRef.value.value);
toRefs:将一个响应式对象转为一个普通对象,普通对象的每一个属性对应的是一个 ref 值
import { reactive, toRefs } from "vue";
const state = reactive({
count: 0,
message: "hello",
});
const stateRefs = toRefs(state);
console.log(stateRefs); // {count: RefImpl, message: RefImpl}
console.log(stateRefs.count.value);
console.log(stateRefs.message.value);
unRef: 如果参数给的是一个 ref 值,那么就返回内部的值,如果不是 ref,那么就返回参数本身
这个 API 实际上是一个语法糖: val = isRef(val) ? val.value : val
import { ref, unref } from "vue";
const countRef = ref(10);
const normalValue = 20;
console.log(unref(countRef)); // 10
console.log(unref(normalValue)); // 20
只读代理
接收一个对象(不论是响应式的还是普通的)或者一个 ref,返回一个原来值的只读代理。
import { ref, readonly } from "vue";
const count = ref(0);
const count2 = readonly(count); // 相当于创建了一个 count 的只读版本
count.value++;
count2.value++; // 会给出警告
在某些场景下,我们就是希望一些数据只能读取不能修改
const rawConfig = {
apiEndpoint: "https://api.example.com",
timeout: 5000,
};
// 例如在这个场景下,我们就期望这个配置对象是不能够修改的
const config = readonly(rawConfig);
判断相关
isRef 和 isReactive
import {
ref,
shallowRef,
reactive,
shallowReactive,
isRef,
isReactive,
} from "vue";
const obj = {
a: 1,
b: 2,
c: {
d: 3,
e: 4,
},
};
const state1 = ref(obj);
const state2 = shallowRef(obj);
const state3 = reactive(obj);
const state4 = shallowReactive(obj);
console.log(isRef(state1)); // true
console.log(isRef(state2)); // true
console.log(isRef(state1.value.c)); // false
console.log(isRef(state2.value.c)); // false
console.log(isReactive(state1.value.c)); // true
console.log(isReactive(state2.value.c)); // false
console.log(isReactive(state3)); // true
console.log(isReactive(state4)); // true
console.log(isReactive(state3.c)); // true
console.log(isReactive(state4.c)); // false
isProxy: 检查一个对象是否由 reactive、readonly、shallowReactive、shallowReadonly 创建的代理
import {
reactive,
readonly,
shallowReactive,
shallowReadonly,
isProxy,
} from "vue";
// 创建 reactive 代理对象
const reactiveObject = reactive({ message: "Hello" });
// 创建 readonly 代理对象
const readonlyObject = readonly({ message: "Hello" });
// 创建 shallowReactive 代理对象
const shallowReactiveObject = shallowReactive({ message: "Hello" });
// 创建 shallowReadonly 代理对象
const shallowReadonlyObject = shallowReadonly({ message: "Hello" });
// 创建普通对象
const normalObject = { message: "Hello" };
console.log(isProxy(reactiveObject)); // true
console.log(isProxy(readonlyObject)); // true
console.log(isProxy(shallowReactiveObject)); // true
console.log(isProxy(shallowReadonlyObject)); // true
console.log(isProxy(normalObject)); // false
3.3 版本新增 API
toValue
这个 API 和前面介绍的 unref 比较相似
import { ref, toValue } from "vue";
const countRef = ref(10);
const normalValue = 20;
console.log(toValue(countRef)); // 10
console.log(toValue(normalValue)); // 20
toValue 相比 unref 更加灵活一些,它支持传入 getter 函数,并且返回函数的执行结果
import { ref, toValue } from "vue";
const countRef = ref(10);
const normalValue = 20;
const getter = () => 30;
console.log(toValue(countRef)); // 10
console.log(toValue(normalValue)); // 20
console.log(toValue(getter)); // 30